The benefits that a company can gain simply by implementing the Essay

The benefits that a company can gain simply by implementing the sustainability concept - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that sustainability is one of the most emerging concepts that have gained a lot of attention in a couple of decades. In a wider sense, sustainability refers to the improvement of society and the environment. The sustainable environment is considered more than a responsibility by most of the multi-national company and for these companies providing high-quality life to children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren is a priority. It means that sustainable environment is improving the quality of life in the present without harming or compromising the future generation’s ability to meet their needs effectively. To make the point more clear regarding the sustainable environment it could be said that all the resources that the business needs in order to operate eventually comes from the environment but meeting the eternal needs of the customers, the businesses are ultimately moving in such directions that would perish the resources. This would not only create hurdles in improving the lives of the people but also for the future generations to meet their needs efficiently. It has become a necessity for every business to make their contribution towards the environment so that the future needs of the people could be met while maintaining the balance between the environment and its resources. It is essential to take certain steps that would ensure the elimination or reduction of those factors that could create hurdles in the achievement of a greener and better future. For businesses, it is essential to make contributions in the development of sustainable environment as it contributes the most in damaging the environment. Sustainability is not just linked to the reduction of waste or pollution but in a broader sense, it is concerned with enhancing those practices that would reduce the damage on the environment that would ultimately lead the business to be completely sustainable.

The Essential Characteristics of Loving Assignment

The Essential Characteristics of Loving - Assignment Example According to Freud, present society is on the third level of restriction of sexuality: it controls even those sexual activities that are intended for procreation only (â€Å"Civilized’ Sexual Morality and Modern Nervousness† 6). This is dangerous, because in this situation: (1) individual libidinal characteristics (that often differ from the societal demands) are ignored and (2) every man and woman is being torn apart by 2 contradictory yet inescapable desires. One of them is the need of appreciation from fellow human beings, which is impossible when the sexual behavior of an individual is considered inappropriate. Another one is an instinct that Freud associates with love. In â€Å"Civilized’ Sexual Morality and Modern Nervousness†, the founder of psychoanalysis describes sexual instinct as almost a living creature that is innate in every human. It is a subject to development, and the problems in the way of this development lead to different types of neur oses (in the article, Freud distinguishes between neurasthenia and psychoneurosis (4). This â€Å"animal inside us† is incomparably greedy and cruel: it is â€Å"probably more strongly developed in man than in most of the higher animals; it is certainly more constant, since it has almost entirely overcome the periodicity belonging to it in animals† (â€Å"Civilized’ Sexual Morality and Modern Nervousness† 5). Freud does not recommend tolerating abstinence, as it suppresses the dangerous sexual instinct. In such cases, the latter is either ‘sublimated’ or resulting in neuroses. However, marriage does not offer any attractive alternatives, as it limits the sexual satisfaction of the couple to the pre-conception intercourses (â€Å"Civilized’ Sexual Morality and Modern Nervousness† 8). Following this logic, marriage is a severe stress, especially for women, so that neurotic girls cannot make the good party (according to Freud) and are succumbed to the abstinence-related neuroses (â€Å"Civilized’ Sexual Morality and Modern Nervousness† 8). In the paper â€Å"On the Universal Tendency to Debasement in the Sphere of Love†, Freud develops this theory of sexual instinct. As a physician, he approaches love technically, mainly as a working instrument of the explanation of neuroses: â€Å"The highest phase of development of which object-libido is capable is seen in the state of being in love, when the subject seems to give up his own personality in favor of an object-cathexis† (Freud, â€Å"On Narcissism† 76). From this quotation, it follows that sexual instinct is always object-directed, and it finds its objects either in the people surrounding an individual or an individual him/herself.  

How to teach literacy and Multi-literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

How to teach literacy and Multi-literacy - Essay Example Multi-literacy requires students to integrate technological educational tools. One of the ways teachers can teach literary and multi-literacy is by integrating them teaching. This means that teachers should integrate four essential components of multi-literacy teaching. These are overt instructions, situated practices, transformed action and critical framing (Gambrell, Marrow & Pressley, 2011). Situated practice focuses students to meaningful learning through the integration of primary knowledge. Overt instruction directs students to systematic processes of learning. Critical framing enables students to learn how to approach the diverse environment in order to improve their learning experiences. Teachers can also use transformed action teaching to teach students how to apply lessons to real life experiences. Teaching literacy and multi-literacy can lead to the adoption of new ideas and practices. It can also help in overcoming the limitations experienced in traditional learning approaches. Teaching literacy and multi-literacy introduces teachers to new pedagogical approaches and practices, which creates opportunities for future learning and teaching. The four ways in which teachers can teach literary and multi-literacy are the use of situated practices, critical framing, overt instructions and transformed actions. These methods have the potential to guide teachers to provide equal access to teaching and learning

Question 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Question 3 - Assignment Example The aim of this research is to review and critically evaluate secondary sources for insights into discrimination in organizational hiring practices. The following objectives will mark the scope of this study: This study will evaluate important elements and features of conducting literature reviews. To this end, the paper will examine some important secondary sources and how they work together with other aspects of research in order to define a core and a key concept. The process will involve amongst other things, the critique of literature and how these forms of literature work together to help in understanding theories and making inputs into various ideas and concepts. The analysis of the literature review will involve the critical assessment and evaluation of core concepts from recent scholarly articles. This will include peer-reviewed articles that were published over the past five years. This will involve the assessment of insights on discrimination in the workplace and how efforts have been made to deal with it. From thence, the study will propound a theory on how to develop human resource management theories and strategies for reducing discrimination in organizations. A literature review is a systematic review of scholarly sources and similar materials in order to identify important concepts and theories that are integrated into a given study (Rocco & Hatcher, 2011). A literature review is concerned with the analysis of critical points of current knowledge and substantive findings in order to draw a theoretical and methodological structure for the conduct of a given research or study (Collins, Onwuegbuzie, & Jiao, 2010). This therefore gives the framework for explaining and drawing the parameters of a given research. Concerning this study, there is the need to draw the context and framework for concepts like organizational hiring practices, discrimination practices and other elements and aspects of constructively dealing with the situation and

International Business. Marketing policies Essay

International Business. Marketing policies - Essay Example This paper focuses on the International marketing mix for the number one bank in the Netherlands called ABN AMRO. The paper is divided into two sections. The first section speaks about the essential components in a marketing mix and then goes on to compare and contrast the differences in a domestic marketing campaign with that of an international marketing campaign. The second part of the paper focuses on ABN AMRO launching itself and its credit card campaign to be more specific into the growing markets of India. As the international marketing manager in charge of this venture, I focus on the areas and topics which we research, analyse and finally decide upon before venturing into the Indian market. This write up is simple yet interesting, focussing on the differences one has to consider in launching an international campaign from that of a domestic one, and the careful planning and research that needs to be adopted on critical topics so that the launch of ABN AMRO into India would n ot only be popular and successful but also rewarding and provide long term benefits including that of establishing a back office, so that ABN can take advantage of the outsourcing fraternity in India in the long run ahead. International Business (Section: A) ABN AMRO BANK: The merger between ABN BANK and Amro Bank created ABN AMRO Bank on 22 September 1991 in Amsterdam. ABN may not be as popular as the Bank of America or American Express but one only has to walk down the streets of Amsterdam or Rotterdam to be surrounded by the presence of ABN in the form of advertisements, promotions and numerous ATM's located all over the city. In the Netherlands ABN is in your face wherever you may go, for its reputation and brand name is a household name. Having been the domestic marketing manager for ABN in the Netherlands for 7 years and seeing the way the Bank steadily expanded in revenue and brand name had made my role as domestic marketing manager not only remarkably challenging but also tremendously satisfying. With the steady growth and performance year after year, ABN has followed the current trend of business and now looks to spread its international presence and expand its products and services. Keeping this in mind, I was promoted to International marketing manager and asked to spearhead, plan and co-ordinate the International campaign. Marketing Mix: The task is one that is exciting and involves a lot of research and careful planning. Those who are familiar with the rudiments of general marketing theory will know that marketing is far more than selling: profitability and added shareholder value is the ultimate aim of all marketing pursuits. Marketing is a collection of activities, including advertising, public relations and sales promotions, marketing research and new product development, package design and merchandising, personal selling and after-sales service and the determination of selling prices. (R Bennett, J Blythe, H Alder, 2002). The term marketing mix is frequently used to describe the combination of marketing elements applied in a given set of circumstances (Borden, 1965). Although the whole marketing scenario is in many ways different when it comes to the International market, they are in some ways similar to that of the domestic market, because the key areas in both aspects are more or less the same but need to be implemented in a new way. Major components of the marketing mix can be listed under seven headings. (R Bennett, J Blythe, H Alder, 2002). Major Components 1. Promotion: including advertising, merchandising, public relations, and the control and deployment of sales staff; 2. Product: design and

Pentecostal History Essay Example for Free

Pentecostal History Essay The largest and the most important religious movement to originate from the United States is the Pentecostal Movement. It is considered as the fourth force in Christendom alongside Catholicism, Protestantism, and Orthodox, and its exponential growth rate in terms of adherents is testimony to its appeal. The Charismatic Renewal Movement has some of its roots in historic Pentecostalism, and it is now deeply entrenched in most of the mainline Protestant denominations, in Catholicism, and in some Orthodox. In the 21st Century, the total adherents of Pentecostals and Charismatics probably exceed the combined numbers of Protestants and Orthodox. Pentecostal statistics show a total adherent base of 400 million in 1993,including the 200 million members designated as nominational Pentecostals and 200 million Charismatics in the main Protestant denominations and Catholicism. â€Å"When the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place. And suddenly a sound came from heaven like the rush of a mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting. And there appeared to them tongues as of fire, distributed and resting on each one of them†(Garnett 1987) The Acts of the Apostles, 2:1-3 (Cox 1995) Background History Adherents of Pentecostalism take their name from an incident recounted in Chapter two of the Acts of the Apostles. The story describes how the confused followers of a recently crucified Rabbi whom they all believed to be the messiah of the world, had gathered to mark the fiftieth day after Passover. Suddenly there was a heavenly sound like the rush of a mighty wind. The Holy Spirit filled them, tongues as of fire crowned their heads, and surprisingly they could understand each other’s language although the gathering comprised people from many different countries and different linguistic affinities. Apparently, the ancient curse of Babel had been reversed and that God was creating a new inclusive human community in which Parthians and Medes and Elamites and residents of Mesopotamia could all live together. Origins of the Pentecostal Faith The first Pentecost appeared on the scene in 1901 in Topeka, Kansas in a Bible school conducted by Charles Fox Parham, a holiness teacher and former Methodist pastor. There exists considerable controversy about the origins and timings of Parham’s emphasis on glossolalia; there is general agreement amongst historians that the movement was initiated in the first days of 1901, in the beginning of the Twentieth Century. One of Parhams Bible School students Agnes Ozman , was the first person to be baptized in the Holy Spirit and she thereafter began speaking in different tongues on the very first day of the new century on January 1, 1901. According to J. Roswell Flower, the founding Secretary of the Assemblies of God, Ozmans experience was the touch felt round the world, an event which made the Pentecostal Movement of the Twentieth Century. Due to the Topeka Pentecost, Parham postulated the doctrine that tongues (glossolalia) was the biblical evidence of the baptism in the Holy Spirit and that it a was a supernatural ability endowed for the purpose of world evangelization. Glossolalia is an experiential phenomenon of an ecstatic, altered state of consciousness, in which orgiastic techniques are cultivated to achieve ecstasy in the belief that unusual psychological and physical states are synonymous with Spirit-possession. He added that since missionaries had the ability to speak in any language, they need not learn any new language for the purpose of evangelical preaching. Armed with this new theology, Parham founded a church movement which he called the Apostolic Faith and began a whirlwind revival tour of the American Middle West to promote his exciting new experience. â€Å"saw an angel coming down from heaven With the key to the abyss and a great Chain in his hand. He seized the dragon and chained him up for a thousand years So that he might not seduce the nations until the thousand years were over†. Revelation 20:1-3 â€Å"Fed by broken packing cases and discarded wrapping paper the fire quickly spread from the boarded-up Casino to the empty Music Hall. From there sparks flew through the arctic night to the roofs of the exposition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Cox 1995). Prophecy of the Pentecost Traditionally, Americans have always had a strong dose of millenium drilled in to them, covering the time the puritans landed in New England to the revival preachers who traveled the Midwest on horseback, they were continually being told that the last stages of history was unfolding and that America would play a major role in the grand finale. Going in to the 20th century, prophecies and speculations regarding a new Pentecost and a New Jerusalem were rife. And in the last days it shall be, God declares, That I will pour out my Spirit upon all flesh† Acts of the Apostles 2:17-19 â€Å"The fire from heaven descended on April 9, 1906, on a small band of black domestic servants and custodial employees gathered for prayer in a wooden bungalow at 214 North Bonnie Brae Avenue in Los Angeles, California†¦. †(Cox 1995) Pastor at Azusa Street Seymour who had learned the tongues-attested baptism in a Bible school that Parham conducted in Houston, Texas in 1905 was invited to pastor a black holiness church in Los Angeles in 1906. Seymour opened the historic meeting in April, 1906 in a former African Methodist Episcopal (AME) church building at 312 Azusa Street in downtown Los Angeles. The happenings at Azusa have fascinated church historians for decades and have never been fully understood or explained (Wackman 1994). For three years thereafter, the Azusa Street Apostolic Faith Mission conducted three services a day, seven days a week, where thousands of seekers received the tongues baptism. Word of the revival was spread abroad through The Apostolic Faith, a paper that Seymour sent free of charge to some 50,000 subscribers. From Azusa Street Pentecostalism spread rapidly around the world and began its advance toward becoming a major force in Christendom. The Azusa Street movement seems to have been a merger of white American holiness religion with worship styles derived from the African-American Christian tradition which had developed since the days of chattel slavery in the South. The expressive worship and praise at Azusa Street, which included shouting and dancing, had been common among Appalachian whites as well as Southern blacks. The admixture of tongues and other charisms with black music and worship styles created a new and indigenous form of Pentecostalism that was to prove extremely attractive to disinherited and deprived people, both in America and other nations of the world(MacRoberts 1988). â€Å"Pentecost has come to Los Angeles, the American Jerusalem. Every sect, creed and doctrine under heaven as well as every nation is represented. †(Frank Bartleman,1906). The Inter racial Aspect The interracial mingling at the congregations was a stark contrast to the existing racial tensions and segregations of the times. The interracial aspects of the movement in Los Angeles were a striking exception to the racism and segregation of the times. The phenomenon of blacks and whites worshipping together under a black pastor seemed incredible to many observers. The event also cemented William Seymour’s place as not only the most influential black leader in American History, but also as a co-founder of world Pentecostalism(Deyoung et al 2003). â€Å"This is the work of God, and cannot be stopped. While our enemies scold, we pray and the fire burns† Household of God, Nov. 1907 Spread of Pentecostal The Azusa Street movement in 1906, led by the African-American preacher William Joseph Seymour provided the much needed impetus for the spread of the Pentecostal faith, which until then had not really captured popular imagination. The first wave of Azusa pilgrims journeyed throughout the United States spreading the Pentecostal fire, primarily in holiness churches, missions, and camp meetings. In America Gaston Barnabas Cashwell of North Carolina, who spoke in tongues in 1906 was one of the Azusa Pilgrims, whose six-month preaching tour of the South in 1907 resulted in major inroads among southern holiness folk. Under his ministry, Cashwell saw several holiness denominations swept into the new movement, including the Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee), the Pentecostal Holiness Church, the Fire-Baptized Holiness Church, and the Pentecostal Free-Will Baptist Church. Also in 1906, Charles Harrison Mason ,upon his return to Memphis from Azusa Street, spread the Pentecostal fire in the Church of God in Christ. The Church he founded comprised African-Americans only one generation removed from slavery. (The parents of both Seymour and Mason had been born as southern slaves). Although tongues caused a split in the church in 1907, the Church of God in Christ experienced such explosive growth that by 1993, it was by far the largest Pentecostal denomination in North America, claiming some 5,500,000 members in 15,300 local churches. Another Azusa pilgrim was William H. Durham of Chicago. After receiving his tongues experience at Azusa Street in 1907, he returned to Chicago, where he led thousands of mid-western Americans and Canadians into the Pentecostal movement. In 1914, he established the Assemblies of God, which by 1993 had over 2,000,000 members in the U.  S. and some 25,000,000 adherents in 150 nations of the world. Conclusion The Pentecostal Movement has proved to be a major force in Christendom throughout the world with unprecedented exponential growth of adherents. By the Nineties, The Pentecostals and their charismatic brothers and sisters in the mainline Protestant and Catholic churches had turned their energy and resources to world evangelization. The future will reveal the ultimate results of this movement which has greatly impacted the world during the Twentieth Century.

Concept of Influence in Leadership

Concept of Influence in Leadership Influence is defined as the force one person exerts on another person to induce a change in the targeted individual. Influencing can change a persons behavior, attitude, goals, opinions, needs and values. Influence is a necessary part of leadership. It is concerned with how the leader affects followers. Influence is a necessary ingredient of leadership, without influence, leadership is non-existent. The influence dimension of leadership requires the leader to have an impact on the lives of those being led. To make a change in other people comes with an enormous amount of social and ethical burden. Various types of influence processes and the factors affecting them Leaders use variety of influence process to alter the behavior of people. The influence process changes according to the demands of the situation. Influence processes refer to the five ways leaders shape organizational variables including people and resources. The five influence processes are direct decisions, allocation of resources, reward system, selection and promotion of other leaders and role modeling. Each will be discussed in detail in the following paragraphs: Direct decisions:Â  Direct decisions provide the leaders the ability to influence the choices of their followers. This ability to influence comes with the control leaders have in formulating mission and vision aspects of an organization. The most important aspect giving power to leader in the organizational structure is their ability to influence the variables affecting their followers through direct decisions. Leaders ability to make decisions influencing organizational structure give them the power to dictate decision making in the organization and set overall direction of the organization. Allocation of resources: Leaders make use of their power over various organizational resources such as human, money and technological resources to significantly impact the way work is carried out in an organization. For example if a department is in serious need of funds a leader has the power to grant additional money to the department in addition to the portion allocated to the department in the annual budget. Reward system: Leader can make use of their power to reward to influence the actions and behaviors of their employees. A leader can offer monetary incentive to followers in case the followers conform to certain behavioral standards and achieve goals necessary for meeting the overall organization objective. Selection and promotion of other leaders: Leaders can also influence their followers by making use of their power to promote the leaders who meet individual as well as organizational goals and objectives. Role modeling: Finally one of the most important ways leaders can mould the behavior and opinion of their followers is by acting as a role model. Followers always follow the path leader is taking. If a leader possesses high moral and ethical standard there are greater chances that their followers will also have high ethical and moral standards. Analysis of the influence process used by Andrea Jung, Indra Nooyi, and Brenda Barnes Influence processes used by Andrea Jung Direct decisions: The CEO of Avon Corporation, Andrea Jung has taken numerous successful decisions that have changed the image of Avon in the beauty and cosmetics industry. She emphasized the importance of sales force saying that they were at the heart of Avon and that Avons future success depends on their efforts. She also strongly emphasized the importance of internet sales. Andrea Jung also worked to change Avons traditional focus from the 30-55 year old women to the younger 16-24 year old women citing the reason that this segment of around 17 million women has a purchasing power of over $100. She also eliminated seven layers of management and got rid of 25% of the senior staff. Allocation of resources: Andrea Jung strongly favors allocation of huge budget for the Research and development function of her organization, believing that it has potential to give off higher benefits in return. Andrea Jungs decision to invest heavily in RD paid off when the companys sales increased by 45% in 2004. Reward system: Sales representatives making huge profits for the company are rewarded with paid holiday trips to eye-catching tourist attractions like Tenerife, Cyprus and Madeira. Selection and promotion of other leaders: When Andrea Jung took over Avon Corporation there were no women past middle management. Today 85% of Avons top management team in U.S. being composed of females ([emailprotected], 2005). Role modeling: Andrea Jung with her determination, courage and distinctive managerial style is a wonderful role model for coming generations of female leaders. Influence processes used by Indra Nooyi Direct decisions: At PepsiCo. Indra Nooyi has been credited with several key decisions that have positively enhanced the performance the company. Her decisions including the divestiture of fast food restaurants (Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC), the acquisition of Tropicana and the merger with Quaker Oats provide remarkable examples to the sharp talents Indra Nooyi has in turning ideas and plans into realities. Allocation of resources: Indra Nooyi redirected about one third of PepsiCos marketing budget this year towards social media campaigns and digital promotions including her ReFresh Project campaign. Indra Nooyi takes community building seriously and has undertaken a $20M grant program to help community building causes. Reward system: Apart from monetary rewards, Indra Nooyi strongly believes in the importance of non-monetary rewards as well. She sends the spouses and parents of her companys top performers personal hand written thank-you letters (Keller Price, 2011). Selection and promotion of other leaders: Indra Nooyi stresses the importance of developing future leaders so that when the top level leaders leave their jobs their absence is not felt (Keller Price, 2011). Role modeling: Indra Nooyi is a role model for millions of young girls back home in India. It is a signal to them that with extreme dedication and hard work they too can scale apparently unreachable heights. Influence processes used by Brenda Barnes Direct decisions: The CEO of Sara Lee has undertaken number of direct decisions during her tenure at the company. Her first major decision was to sell its non-core businesses to focus on the core business. She also decided to increase Sara Lees presence in the international market, because of this decision in 2008, 75% of the companys operating income came from international (non-U.S.) market. Allocation of resources: When Brenda Barnes first assumed the role of CEO of Sara Lee she took the decision to allocate $250m towards RD and marketing in addition to the allocated amount in budget, she undertook the decision to boost the annual sales at least by 2% to 4%. Reward system: At Sara Lee rewards are tied to employees performance on job. Employees are encouraged to buy companys stock and naturally it gives provides them an incentive to perform exceedingly well on their jobs since it will translate into profits for them (Griffin Moorhead, 2011). Selection and promotion of other leaders: Brenda Barnes promoted leaders to higher echelons of the organization depending on their skills and performance level on job (Griffin Moorhead, 2011). Role modeling: Brenda Barnes is a great role model for women looking for finding a balance between career and home. She took a career break and left her job as the CEO of Sara Lee for looking after her children (Bulik, 2004). Conclusion Influence is the force a person exerts on another person to change their opinion or alter their behaviors. Leaders frequently use a combination of influence strategies. It is a well-known fact that people who use a wider variety of tactics are typically perceived as having greater power and influence. Leaders have to determine the method that is most likely to influence others by considering the individuals, groups, and situations involved.